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Міграція — насамперед проєкт якості

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In a fruit packing shed, crates of sound apples move along the line, and one crate of bruised and split apples is set apart on the floor.
Зображення згенеровано ШІ

Модуль 1 з 5 розділу Міграція і синхронізація, розділ 10 курсу Data Architect. Кожен модуль самостійний. Попередній: попередній розділ, Інтеграція і переміщення даних · Наступний: Завантаження великих обсягів

Питання, на яке відповідає цей модуль: Що має статися з даними, перш ніж ви почнете завантажувати їх у Salesforce?

Міграційний проєкт може обдурити. Дані є тут, вони потрібні там, тож хтось починає говорити про Data Loader, Bulk API, CSV-файли, розміри пакетів і порядок завантаження. Усе це важливо. Але я починаю не з цього. Моє перше запитання: що саме ми збираємося перемістити? Якщо в джерелі задубльовані клієнти, хибні адреси, застарілі значення, розірвані зв’язки і п’ятнадцять років даних, які нікому не потрібні, Salesforce радо стане новим домом для всього цього. Швидше завантаження цього не виправить. Міграція — насамперед проєкт якості.

Here’s Steve Trucking’s landscape from Checkpoint 1, the weekend RouteDesk retires. RouteDesk is the desktop dispatch tool the coordinators used inside each distribution center (DC) to turn manifests into routes. It holds eight years of delivery history, about 5 million deliveries, and the quality varies by DC. At Checkpoint 1 we decided it retires, and we left one question open: what, if anything, comes into the org? That’s a migration decision, and this is the chapter for it. ⟲

The arrow that runs once Steve Trucking's landscape from Checkpoint 1, in the same places, the weekend RouteDesk retires: people on the left, Salesforce with Field Service in the middle with the Retail Partner portal and the tracking page, the integration layer from chapter 9 to its right, and the systems around it: Snowflake, FleetLink, the finance ERP, photo storage, and RouteDesk, retiring, with 8 years and about 5 million deliveries. One new arrow, in amber, the migration this module zooms in on, carries what's still open from RouteDesk into Salesforce, migrated once. Underneath: one arrow runs once and then disappears; a migration is an integration with an end. {"author": "Steve Simpson", "blueprint": "1.0.1", "builder": "standard 1.54.0", "built": "2026-10-30", "id": "DGM-DA-MG-10", "rights": "\u00a9 2026 Twinshark LLC. All rights reserved.", "template": "system-landscape 0.13.0", "theme": "stevetecharc 1.4.0"} ABOVE: IDENTITY, APPEXCHANGE, WEB PEOPLE RIGHT: INTERNAL SYSTEMS BELOW: CUSTOMER CHANNELS BOTTOM RIGHT: PARTNERS AND PROVIDERS Dispatch coordinators 45, inside 9 partner DCs Delivery crews ~700 on 330 trucks Care and office staff 100: service, ops, finance Retail Partner users ~300 at 3 partners Recipients ~1 million a year Corporate IdP SSO for office staff only Retail Partner portal Tracking page INTEGRATION Snowflake status history, analytics FleetLink raw GPS stays here Finance ERP invoices partners, pays crews Photo storage 4–5 million a year, off core RouteDesk retiring: 8 years, ~5 million deliveries Phone care agents Email email-to-case SMS and email provider day-before message, with a link Redrock REST API, webhooks Keystone CSV over SFTP Brightwave EDI through a third-party network Salesforce Field Service, one US org a link, no login office staff only calls cases in manifests in status out manifests in status out manifests in status out upserts, partner key status events status events latest position only delivery counts delivery counts photos, from the crews' app day-before, with a link what's still open: migrated once Salesforce a community people identity, apps, web an internal system a customer channel the integration layer starts at the system that opens the connection; the label says what moves a shared certificate: trust, no direct call the migration we zoom in on Checkpoint 1's landscape, the weekend RouteDesk retires. One arrow runs once and then disappears: a migration is an integration with an end. © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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One new arrow. It runs once, and then it disappears. ⟲

A migration is an arrow on the landscape like any other. Everything chapter 9 asked of an arrow applies: what moves, how much, by which key, who proves it arrived. The difference is that this arrow has an end. When it’s done, RouteDesk is switched off and the arrow comes off the drawing. That makes it easy to rush, because “we only do it once.” But the data it carries stays in Salesforce for years. ⟲

Швидше переміщувати погані дані — не успіх

Section titled “Швидше переміщувати погані дані — не успіх ”

У старій системі 500 000 записів клієнтів, і ми мігруємо 500 000 записів клієнтів. Ми досягли успіху? Можливо. А що, як 40 000 із них — дублікати, 75 000 неактивні вже десять років, тисячі мають хибні коди штатів, деякі не мають придатного ідентифікатора, деякі дочірні записи вказують на батьківські, яких уже немає, а деякі поля означають різне залежно від того, коли запис створено? Звіт усе одно може показати: джерело 500 000, ціль 500 000, завантажено 100 відсотків — а проєкт усе одно може бути провальним. Повнота важлива, але сама по собі вона не доводить якості.

Тож перш ніж проєктувати завантаження, я хочу зрозуміти джерело. Які дані існують і що вони означають? Наскільки вони старі, наскільки надійні, якими полями справді користуються, які значення коректні, які зв’язки існують, яким ідентифікаторам я можу довіряти? Що має пережити міграцію, а що ні? Тут настає час попередніх розділів: розділ 4 навчив нас ландшафту підприємства, розділ 5 — що якість треба проєктувати, розділ 6 — ідентичності й авторитетності. Міграція застосовує все це до наявного масиву даних. Це не просто переміщення рядків. Це рішення, які частини минулого заслуговують стати частиною майбутньої архітектури.

Мігрувати, архівувати чи відкинути — і знати чому

Section titled “Мігрувати, архівувати чи відкинути — і знати чому ”

Міграційній інвентаризації потрібні щонайменше три відповіді: мігрувати, архівувати або відкинути згідно з політикою. П’ятирічні деталі транзакцій, можливо, треба зберігати для відповідності вимогам, але не в активній моделі даних; застарілі тимчасові дані можуть не мати ні вимоги до зберігання, ні цінності; історія може належати архіву з пошуком. Принцип життєвого циклу з розділу 7 — «проєктуйте вихід», і міграція — ідеальний час його застосувати. Не тягніть кожен запис уперед лише тому, що він є.

So zoom in on RouteDesk and take it apart, one class of data at a time. ⟲

Migrate, archive or discard A table of what's in RouteDesk, with a decision for each class of data. Deliveries not yet made, about 6,400 two days ahead: migrate, to Salesforce Work Orders, because the crews need them on Monday morning. Delivered inside the 60-day claim window, about 190,000: migrate, to Salesforce, so a claim's Case links to its Work Order. Delivered and older, about 4.8 million: archive, to Snowflake by the partner key, for claims and five-year reporting. Route plans and coordinators' drafts, eight years of them: discard by policy, once the business confirms nobody must keep them. The decision column is highlighted. Underneath: retiring a system isn't moving every record; know why every class of data moves, or doesn't. {"author": "Steve Simpson", "blueprint": "1.0.0", "builder": "standard 1.46.0", "built": "2026-10-27", "id": "DGM-DA-MG-11", "rights": "\u00a9 2026 Twinshark LLC. All rights reserved.", "template": "system-landscape/inventory 0.12.0", "theme": "stevetecharc 1.4.0"} WHAT'S IN ROUTEDESK HOW MUCH DECISION WHERE IT GOES, AND WHY Deliveries not yet made about 6,400 (two days ahead) Migrate Salesforce Work Orders: the crews need them on Monday morning Delivered, inside the 60-day claim window about 190,000 (60 days) Migrate Salesforce, so a claim's Case links to its Work Order Delivered, older about 4.8 million Archive Snowflake, by the partner key: claims and five-year reporting Route plans and coordinators' drafts eight years of them Discard, by policy Nowhere, once the business confirms nobody must keep them Retiring a system isn't moving every record. Know why every class of data moves, or doesn't. © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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Every class of data gets a decision, a place and a reason. ⟲

The deliveries not yet made have to come in: manifests arrive one to two days ahead, so on cutover weekend RouteDesk holds about two days of work, roughly 6,400 deliveries, and the crews need them on Monday morning. The recent history comes in because of claims. A damage claim is a Case in Salesforce, and the agent working it needs the delivery behind it. So deliveries still inside the claim window come in too. Steve Trucking accepts claims for 60 days after a delivery, so that’s about 190,000 more Work Orders. Had the business said 30 days, it would be half that. The window is the business’s number, not ours. ⟲

The other 4.8 million deliveries go to Snowflake, where Checkpoint 1 already sends status history, kept by the partner key so a claim on an old delivery can still find it, and so leadership’s five-year reports still work. They don’t belong in the operational core: that would make Salesforce RouteDesk’s retirement home, and chapter 7 showed what Work Orders at volume cost. And the route plans and the coordinators’ drafts? Eight years of yesterday’s plans have no value once the deliveries are done. But I don’t decide that alone. ⟲

The opposite mistake is “we don’t need the old stuff.” Who decided? Legal, finance, operations, service, compliance? The data architect shouldn’t invent retention policy during a migration; we translate the business and regulatory requirement into architecture. Before excluding data, establish whether it must be kept, for how long, where, who needs access, and whether its relationships and source identifiers must survive. Eight years of Recipients’ names, addresses and phone numbers is exactly that kind of question: archiving them isn’t the same as keeping them forever. The goal isn’t to migrate less. It’s to know why every class of data is moving, or isn’t. ⟲

Test knowledge. Migrate what the new system needs to operate, not everything the old one held. Expect a scenario with years of legacy history: the answer is usually to migrate active and recent records and archive the rest outside Salesforce where it stays reachable, with the retention decision made by the business, not by the migration team. ⟲

Before the steps, the place. All of this preparation happens outside Salesforce, in a working database of its own: Postgres, SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL, even SQLite for a small job, whatever the team knows. Not in Salesforce, and not in a spreadsheet that gets emailed around. I call it the preparation data store, or the preparation store for short. It sits in between: the source feeds it, and it feeds Salesforce. ⟲

The preparation data store sits in between Three cards in a row. On the left, the source: RouteDesk, 8 years and about 5 million deliveries. In between, highlighted: the preparation data store, a database such as Postgres, SQL Server, Oracle or MySQL, where the data is standardized, cleaned, enriched, deduplicated and validated. On the right, the target: Salesforce, one US org. RouteDesk's extract goes into the preparation data store, kept raw; the preparation data store loads the result into Salesforce; and Salesforce sends back what's already there, and the IDs of what was loaded. Underneath: prepare outside, then load the result; the data store holds the source, the steps, and a copy of what Salesforce already has. {"author": "Steve Simpson", "blueprint": "1.0.0", "builder": "standard 1.46.0", "built": "2026-10-27", "id": "DGM-DA-MG-16", "rights": "\u00a9 2026 Twinshark LLC. All rights reserved.", "template": "cells 0.3.0", "theme": "stevetecharc 1.4.0"} THE SOURCE IN BETWEEN THE TARGET RouteDesk 8 years, ~5 million deliveries Preparation data store Postgres, SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL: standardize, clean, enrich, dedupe, validate Salesforce one US org extract, kept raw load the result what's already there, and IDs back Prepare outside, then load the result. The data store holds the source, the steps, and a copy of what Salesforce already has. HOW TO READ IT where the preparation happens © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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The preparation data store sits in between. Every step in this module happens inside it. ⟲

The extract lands there raw. The standardizing, cleaning, enriching, deduping and validating all run there, as code. The quarantine is a table, the counts are queries, and the whole thing can be run again from the top. Some tools connect a database like this straight to Salesforce, copying data down and sending changes back; others export files for a data loader. There are many ways to load data. The principle doesn’t change: prepare it outside, then load the result. ⟲

And it holds more than the source. Pull down the relevant parts of the target org too. Why? Because dedupe has to compare against what’s already in Salesforce, and when the survivor of a merge is a record that’s already there, the new children need its key to link to it. You can’t decide the merge without both sides in front of you. For RouteDesk, the preparation store holds the RouteDesk extract and a copy of what Salesforce already has: the Retail Partner Accounts, the Products and Service Territories, the claim Cases with their delivery references, and the Work Orders the new integration has already created, because the partners don’t stop sending manifests for our cutover weekend. ⟲

Then you practice. Run the preparation, load a sandbox, reconcile, find the rule that was wrong, fix it, run it all again. By the time we reach production, the preparation has run many times, and it’s boring. That’s the goal. ⟲

Мій порядок: стандартизувати, очистити, збагатити, усунути дублікати, перевірити

Section titled “Мій порядок: стандартизувати, очистити, збагатити, усунути дублікати, перевірити ”

When I’m preparing data for migration, I work in this order, and the order matters. All five steps happen in the preparation data store. ⟲

Standardize. Get equivalent values into one form. One source has CA, California and Calif.; another has US, USA and United States. A company comes in as Steve Plumbing, Steve's Plumbing and Steve's Plumbing LLC. Phone numbers arrive as 5555550142, (555) 555-0142 and +1 555 555 0142. Before we compare records or apply matching rules, we need to know which differences are formatting and which are meaningful. ⟲

Names are the classic trap. I had a system with first and last name in one field, and the Salesforce contact needs them apart. “Daniel Reyes” splits easily. Then you get “Mr. Daniel Reyes,” “Daniel Reyes PhD,” “Daniel Reyes III,” and names with two family names, such as Roberto González Suárez, where González isn’t a middle name: split that wrong and you’re in trouble. Build the patterns (two words, three words, a title, a suffix), run the splits, and have the customer validate the results. ⟲

Очистити. Розберіться з тим, що хибне, непридатне чи застаріле: неіснуючі коди, неможливі дати, помилки в написанні, значення-заповнювачі, поля з даними, що не відповідають їхньому значенню. Мапте значення списків вибору свідомо: старий статус ліда Cold у цілі може стати Closed. Коли список довгий (я бачив 200 значень), побудуйте таблицю перетворення і нехай бізнес заповнить ціль для кожного значення джерела. Salesforce суворо перевіряє списки вибору, тож ловіть такі речі до того, як вони прибудуть, і не чекайте, поки правила перевірки скажуть вам, що у вашому джерелі.

RouteDesk’s “quality varies by DC” shows up right here. Each DC set up its own status codes over eight years, so the same outcome arrives in nine spellings. The transformation table maps every one of them to the Work Order’s status values in Salesforce: ⟲

DCRouteDesk saysWork Order status
DC 1DLVCompleted
DC 4Delivered - OKCompleted
DC 7DONE/INSTCompleted (the install is on its line item)
DC 1NHCannot Complete (nobody home)
DC 4RefusedCannot Complete
DC 7CXLCanceled

The left two columns come from profiling the extract; the right column comes from the business, not from us. Completed, Cannot Complete and Canceled are three of the standard Work Order status values (WorkOrder (відкривається в новій вкладці), Object Reference, Winter ‘27, checked 2026-10-27). Notice the third row: one RouteDesk code carried two facts, the delivery and the install, and the target model keeps them apart. ⟲

Enrich. Sometimes missing information can be reliably added: a normalized address, a postal code from city and state, a county, a geolocation, a mapping from a legacy code to the new enterprise taxonomy, an enterprise identifier. Enrichment needs provenance. If we add or change information, I want to know where it came from and why I trust it. Some of RouteDesk’s older deliveries don’t name the Retail Partner at all, because each DC served one partner and everybody knew. The DC and the order number’s format tell us which partner it was. That’s enrichment from a rule we can show, not a guess. ⟲

Усунути дублікати. Потім знайдіть записи, що представляють ту саму річ реального світу. Чому не почати з цього? Бо зіставляти брудні дані важче: Steve's Plumbing і STEVES PLUMBING LLC набагато легше порівняти після стандартизації. Усуньте дублікати всередині вхідних даних, а потім щодо того, що вже є в Salesforce. Правило розділу 6 досі діє: злиття руйнує; зв’язування — ні. Не зливайте записи лише тому, що нечіткий бал виглядає переконливо.

Validate. Finally, test the transformed data against the target: required information present, reference values valid, relationships resolvable, keys unique where they should be, values fitting the model, authority rules preserved. Only then do I want to talk seriously about loading. And don’t expect the import tool to catch everything. Salesforce’s own Trailhead project on the NPSP importer makes the point: it catches invalid picklist values and missing required fields, but if a spreadsheet turned a postal code like 02134 into the number 2134, the importer loads the four digits (Perform an Import Dry Run (відкривається в новій вкладці), Trailhead, checked 2026-10-27). That’s one more reason the preparation lives in a database with typed columns, not in a spreadsheet. ⟲

Standardize, clean, enrich, dedupe, validate A funnel, top to bottom. RouteDesk's extract, from nine DCs, kept as it came out: the evidence. Standardize: nine DCs' status codes into one list, and one form for phones and addresses. Clean: impossible dates, placeholder phones, products typed by hand. Set aside to quarantine: a delivery with no partner order number, with no key to load it by. Enrich: the Retail Partner, from the DC and the order number. Dedupe: a revised manifest keyed in twice is one delivery, not two. Set aside, merged: the duplicate, with a plan for its stops and notes. Validate against Salesforce: keys unique, products and territories resolve. Set aside to quarantine: a line item whose product doesn't exist in Salesforce. At the bottom, highlighted: load-ready, and a count that reconciles to the extract. Underneath: bad records need somewhere to go, a quarantine with the reason, an owner and a deadline; not silently dropped, not forced in. {"author": "Steve Simpson", "blueprint": "1.0.0", "builder": "standard 1.46.0", "built": "2026-10-27", "id": "DGM-DA-MG-12", "rights": "\u00a9 2026 Twinshark LLC. All rights reserved.", "template": "funnel 0.2.0", "theme": "stevetecharc 1.4.0"} RouteDesk's extract, from nine DCs kept as it came out: the evidence Standardize nine DCs' status codes into one list; one form for phones and addresses Clean impossible dates, placeholder phones, products typed by hand Set aside: to quarantine a delivery with no partner order number: no key to load it by Enrich the Retail Partner, from the DC and the order number Dedupe a revised manifest keyed in twice is one delivery, not two Set aside: merged the duplicate, with a plan for its stops and notes Validate against Salesforce: keys unique, products and territories resolve Set aside: to quarantine a line item whose product doesn't exist in Salesforce Load-ready and a count that reconciles to the extract Bad records need somewhere to go: a quarantine with the reason, an owner and a deadline. Not silently dropped, not forced in. © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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Five steps, in order. A record that fails one goes somewhere visible, with its reason. ⟲

Test knowledge. Data quality is fixed before the load, not after. Know the preparation steps (standardize, clean, enrich, deduplicate, validate) and why the order matters: you can’t match records reliably until their values are in one form. Picklist values are mapped with a transformation table the business signs off, because Salesforce rejects values a restricted picklist doesn’t have. ⟲

Спокуса — «завантажмо все в Salesforce спочатку, а приберемо потім». Мені це не подобається як підхід за замовчуванням. Щойно погані дані опиняються в production, вони беруть участь у production: їх бачать користувачі, автоматизація, звіти, інтеграції й агенти, дублікати починають збирати пов’язані записи, а прибирання ускладнюється. Де можливо, покращуйте дані до того, як вони потраплять у ціль. Не кожну історичну недосконалість треба виправляти; це рішення про витрати й вигоду. Але «приберемо потім» — не стратегія міграції. Це технічний борг із датою запуску.

And not every record deserves the same effort. An active customer with open orders, open cases, current contracts and billing relationships is different from one who bought something once nine years ago. Both may need to be kept. For the critical, active data I may require stricter validation, more enrichment, closer duplicate review and detailed reconciliation; for low-value history, preserving traceability may matter more than making every record perfect. Architecture is partly deciding where quality effort creates value. For RouteDesk, the 6,400 deliveries the crews will drive to on Monday get the strictest checks. The 4.8 million going to the archive need their keys and their dates right; nobody will fix eight years of typos in delivery notes. ⟲

Зберігайте ідентичність джерела й завантажуйте за ключами

Section titled “Зберігайте ідентичність джерела й завантажуйте за ключами ”

Одна з найлегших помилок — втратити змогу простежити запис Salesforce до того, звідки він прийшов. Якщо старий клієнт CUST-847291 стає Account 001…, я все одно хочу знати, що він прийшов із CUST-847291 — для звірки, усунення несправностей, перезавантажень, аудиту, зіставлення дочірніх записів, аналізу відкату і запитань, що надійдуть після запуску. Новий ID Salesforce важить усередині Salesforce; він не стирає ідентичність джерела. Це принцип External ID з розділу 9. Міграція й інтеграція зустрічаються на ідентичності.

At Steve Trucking they meet in one field. Every Work Order already carries the partner’s key, Partner_Delivery_Key__c, an External ID marked unique, holding values like REDROCK-8472914-1 (chapter 9, module 2). RouteDesk kept the partner’s order number on each delivery, so the migration builds the same key and upserts on it, exactly as the integration does. That matters on cutover weekend: if Redrock resends a manifest for Tuesday after we’ve loaded Tuesday from RouteDesk, the integration finds the migrated Work Order and updates it instead of creating a second one. RouteDesk’s own delivery number comes along too, in a plain field, so anyone can trace a Work Order back to the record it came from. ⟲

So don’t rebuild relationships by name (“find the Account whose Name is Acme Distribution”). If the legacy contact carries Legacy_Account_ID = CUST-847291 and the Salesforce Account carries that identifier as an External ID, the relationship is rebuilt deterministically. The Bulk API does this in the load file itself: a column header such as WorkOrder.Partner_Delivery_Key__c says “find my parent by this indexed field,” and Salesforce looks up the parent’s ID for you (Relationship Fields in a Header Row (відкривається в новій вкладці), Bulk API 2.0 and Bulk API Developer Guide, checked 2026-10-27). Keys turn “I think this child belongs here” into “I know which parent this came from,” and that matters more as the Number of Zeros grows. ⟲

Relationships also create sequence. If contacts reference accounts, the accounts must exist first; if line items reference orders and products, those come first. So migration isn’t one giant load. It’s reference data, parents, children, junctions, then dependent history, in an order the target data model dictates. That’s one more reason the data architect belongs in migration planning: the model tells us how the migration has to be assembled. Here’s RouteDesk’s open work, on Checkpoint 1’s model. ⟲

The model sets the load order Four waves from left to right. Wave 1, already there or reference: Retail Partner Accounts, already in Salesforce; Service Territories, the nine DCs; Work Types: delivery, install, haul-away; and Products, the SKUs and services. Wave 2, the parent, highlighted: Work Orders, upserted by Partner_Delivery_Key__c, each pointing to its Retail Partner by the partner's key, its territory by DC code and its work type. Wave 3, its children: Service Appointments, the scheduled visit and window, pointing to their Work Order by the partner key; and Work Order Line Items, the items on each delivery, pointing to their Work Order by the partner key and to their Product by SKU. Wave 4, what points at it: claim Cases already in Salesforce, updated to point to their Work Order by the partner key. Underneath: parents before children, and every child finds its parent by a key, never by a name; the model sets the order. WAVE 1: ALREADY THERE, OR REFERENCE WAVE 2: THE PARENT WAVE 3: ITS CHILDREN WAVE 4: WHAT POINTS AT IT Products SKUs and services Retail Partner Accounts already in Salesforce Service Territories the nine DCs Work Types delivery, install, haul-away Parents before children, and every child finds its parent by a key, never by a name. The model sets the order. HOW TO READ IT the parent the migration builds around © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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Wave 1: what the Work Orders will point to has to exist first. Most of it already does. ⟲

The model sets the load order Four waves from left to right. Wave 1, already there or reference: Retail Partner Accounts, already in Salesforce; Service Territories, the nine DCs; Work Types: delivery, install, haul-away; and Products, the SKUs and services. Wave 2, the parent, highlighted: Work Orders, upserted by Partner_Delivery_Key__c, each pointing to its Retail Partner by the partner's key, its territory by DC code and its work type. Wave 3, its children: Service Appointments, the scheduled visit and window, pointing to their Work Order by the partner key; and Work Order Line Items, the items on each delivery, pointing to their Work Order by the partner key and to their Product by SKU. Wave 4, what points at it: claim Cases already in Salesforce, updated to point to their Work Order by the partner key. Underneath: parents before children, and every child finds its parent by a key, never by a name; the model sets the order. WAVE 1: ALREADY THERE, OR REFERENCE WAVE 2: THE PARENT WAVE 3: ITS CHILDREN WAVE 4: WHAT POINTS AT IT Products SKUs and services Retail Partner Accounts already in Salesforce Service Territories the nine DCs Work Types delivery, install, haul-away Work Orders upsert by Partner_Delivery_Key__c by the partner's key by name of type by DC code Parents before children, and every child finds its parent by a key, never by a name. The model sets the order. HOW TO READ IT the parent the migration builds around © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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Wave 2: the Work Orders, upserted by the partner key. ⟲

The model sets the load order Four waves from left to right. Wave 1, already there or reference: Retail Partner Accounts, already in Salesforce; Service Territories, the nine DCs; Work Types: delivery, install, haul-away; and Products, the SKUs and services. Wave 2, the parent, highlighted: Work Orders, upserted by Partner_Delivery_Key__c, each pointing to its Retail Partner by the partner's key, its territory by DC code and its work type. Wave 3, its children: Service Appointments, the scheduled visit and window, pointing to their Work Order by the partner key; and Work Order Line Items, the items on each delivery, pointing to their Work Order by the partner key and to their Product by SKU. Wave 4, what points at it: claim Cases already in Salesforce, updated to point to their Work Order by the partner key. Underneath: parents before children, and every child finds its parent by a key, never by a name; the model sets the order. WAVE 1: ALREADY THERE, OR REFERENCE WAVE 2: THE PARENT WAVE 3: ITS CHILDREN WAVE 4: WHAT POINTS AT IT Products SKUs and services Retail Partner Accounts already in Salesforce Service Territories the nine DCs Work Types delivery, install, haul-away Work Orders upsert by Partner_Delivery_Key__c Work Order Line Items the items on each delivery Service Appointments the scheduled visit and window by the partner's key by name of type by DC code by the partner key by SKU by the partner key Parents before children, and every child finds its parent by a key, never by a name. The model sets the order. HOW TO READ IT the parent the migration builds around © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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Wave 3: the children, each finding its Work Order by the same key. ⟲

The model sets the load order Four waves from left to right. Wave 1, already there or reference: Retail Partner Accounts, already in Salesforce; Service Territories, the nine DCs; Work Types: delivery, install, haul-away; and Products, the SKUs and services. Wave 2, the parent, highlighted: Work Orders, upserted by Partner_Delivery_Key__c, each pointing to its Retail Partner by the partner's key, its territory by DC code and its work type. Wave 3, its children: Service Appointments, the scheduled visit and window, pointing to their Work Order by the partner key; and Work Order Line Items, the items on each delivery, pointing to their Work Order by the partner key and to their Product by SKU. Wave 4, what points at it: claim Cases already in Salesforce, updated to point to their Work Order by the partner key. Underneath: parents before children, and every child finds its parent by a key, never by a name; the model sets the order. {"author": "Steve Simpson", "blueprint": "1.0.0", "builder": "standard 1.46.0", "built": "2026-10-27", "id": "DGM-DA-MG-13", "rights": "\u00a9 2026 Twinshark LLC. All rights reserved.", "template": "cells 0.3.0", "theme": "stevetecharc 1.4.0"} WAVE 1: ALREADY THERE, OR REFERENCE WAVE 2: THE PARENT WAVE 3: ITS CHILDREN WAVE 4: WHAT POINTS AT IT Products SKUs and services Retail Partner Accounts already in Salesforce Service Territories the nine DCs Work Types delivery, install, haul-away Work Orders upsert by Partner_Delivery_Key__c Work Order Line Items the items on each delivery Service Appointments the scheduled visit and window Claim Cases already in Salesforce: update the lookup by the partner's key by name of type by DC code by the partner key by SKU by the partner key by the partner key Parents before children, and every child finds its parent by a key, never by a name. The model sets the order. HOW TO READ IT the parent the migration builds around © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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Wave 4: the claim Cases already in Salesforce get their link to the delivery. The model sets the order. ⟲

Test knowledge. Keep each legacy record’s key in an External ID field, load parents before children, and let each child find its parent by that key: an upsert on the External ID, and a relationship column in the load file (Parent.External_Id__c) instead of looking up Salesforce IDs. Reloads then update instead of duplicating, and every record traces back to its source. ⟲

Злитим записам потрібна стратегія для дочірніх

Section titled “Злитим записам потрібна стратегія для дочірніх ”

Ось проблема, яку недооцінюють. Аналіз показує, що старі клієнти A, B і C — той самий клієнт, тож у цілі буде один Account. Добре. Але в A 12 звернень, у B 4 замовлення, а в C 3 контакти. Злийте батьківські записи концептуально, не перепроєктувавши мапінг дочірніх, і ви розв’язали батьківський запис, але розірвали зв’язки. Кожне рішення про усунення дублікатів потребує стратегії для дочірніх записів.

RouteDesk has its own version. When a partner revised a manifest on the day, a coordinator sometimes keyed the delivery in again instead of editing it. Now RouteDesk has two deliveries with the same partner order number: one with the old window and two stops, one with the new window and the crew’s notes. Salesforce will have one Work Order, because the partner key is unique. Which window wins, and what happens to the stops and notes on the other one? ⟲

Спершу поля: коли два записи збігаються, які значення виграють? Порожнє проти заповненого — легко. Конфлікт — ні: Steven чи Stephen, email у Salesforce чи email у завантаженні? Оберіть запис, що виживає, і вирішуйте поле за полем, а потім рано покажіть бізнесу приклади, щоб на виборі були їхні відбитки пальців.

Then the children. I see three options: add the children to the survivor, don’t load the merged record’s children, or load the merged record as inactive, linked to the survivor, with its children kept on it. ⟲

Three ways to handle a merged record's children Three equal panels, three ways to handle the children of a merged record. Add the children to the survivor, one record with everything: at RouteDesk, both deliveries' stops and notes move to the one Work Order; you get everything in one place, simple to use; it costs a merged record's history mixed in; choose it when a wrong merge is unlikely and the history matters. Don't load the merged record's children, a clean record: at RouteDesk, the duplicate's stops and notes stay in the archive; you get a clean record and nothing confusing; it costs that history, gone from Salesforce; choose it when nobody needs that history day to day. Load it inactive, linked to the survivor, an archive of its own history: at RouteDesk, the duplicate loads as canceled, pointing to the survivor, with its stops; you get every child traced and nothing lost; it costs a record that shows up in search and can confuse users, and it needs its own key; choose it when a wrong merge is costly and every child must be traced. Underneath: every merge needs a child strategy; weigh the benefit of joining the data against the risk of joining the wrong records. {"author": "Steve Simpson", "blueprint": "1.0.0", "builder": "standard 1.46.0", "built": "2026-10-27", "id": "DGM-DA-MG-14", "rights": "\u00a9 2026 Twinshark LLC. All rights reserved.", "template": "comparison 0.4.0", "theme": "stevetecharc 1.4.0"} Add the children to the survivor one record with everything AT ROUTEDESK Both deliveries' stops and notes move to the one Work Order YOU GET Everything in one place, simple to use IT COSTS The merged record's history is mixed in CHOOSE IT WHEN A wrong merge is unlikely and the history matters Don't load the merged record's children a clean record AT ROUTEDESK The duplicate's stops and notes stay in the archive YOU GET A clean record, and nothing confusing IT COSTS That history is gone from Salesforce CHOOSE IT WHEN Nobody needs that history day to day Load it inactive, linked to the survivor an archive of its own history AT ROUTEDESK The duplicate loads as canceled, pointing to the survivor, with its stops YOU GET Every child traced, nothing lost IT COSTS It shows up in search and can confuse users; it needs its own key CHOOSE IT WHEN A wrong merge is costly and every child must be traced Every merge needs a child strategy. Weigh the benefit of joining the data against the risk of joining the wrong records. © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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Three ways, none free. Notice the third one at RouteDesk: the inactive duplicate can’t reuse the partner key, because the survivor already holds it, so it needs a key of its own. ⟲

Whichever you choose, it happens in the preparation store, before anything loads. That’s where the survivor is picked, sometimes a record that’s already in Salesforce, pulled down with its key. That’s where each child gets the key of the parent it will point to. And that’s where the merged record either keeps its children, hands them over or is left out. Salesforce receives the result of the merge, not the job of doing it. ⟲

Як я обираю? Це залежить від того, наскільки критичні дані і чи потрібна нам простежуваність до того, що завантажено. І зважте ризик проти вигоди від злиття взагалі. Об’єднати історії покупок не тих двох людей у списку клієнтів роздрібної мережі — прикро; показати ліки одного пацієнта в картці іншого — серйозне порушення. Що вищі ставки хибного зіставлення, то обережнішим має бути злиття. Хоч би що ви вирішили, чи можна досі простежити кожен дочірній запис до його початкового джерела? Усунення дублікатів у міграції — не «запустити пошук дублікатів по Accounts». Важить увесь граф зв’язків.

Я бував по інший бік цього. Роздрібна мережа, у якій я купував ще зі студентських часів, мігрувала дані клієнтів, і коли ми подивилися, Steve Simpson знайшовся приблизно під пів дюжиною email-адрес і поштових адрес: моя студентська адреса, будинок, який я винаймав, місця після нього. Чи зливати їх? У світі є й інші Steve Simpson. Бізнес вирішив, що поєднання моєї давньої історії не варте ризику злити мене не з тим Steve Simpson. Це запитання, на яке має відповісти кожне злиття: яка вигода від об’єднання даних і який ризик обрати не тих людей?

Test knowledge. Deduplicate before the load, within the incoming data and against what’s already in Salesforce, with matching rules and a survivor chosen field by field. Expect the follow-up question: what happens to the merged record’s child records? Re-parent them to the survivor, leave them out (and archive them), or keep them on an inactive linked record. Each has a cost. ⟲

Повторювані перетворення, збережене сире джерело

Section titled “Повторювані перетворення, збережене сире джерело ”

Старий статус A стає Active, I — Inactive, S — Suspended. Де живе цей мапінг? Не в чиїйсь пам’яті, не у формулі Excel, по-різному скопійованій у три файли, не як ручний крок у п’ятницю ввечері. Якщо завтра ми перезавантажимо, маємо отримати той самий результат, тож мапінги, правила стандартизації й очищення, перетворення, рішення про дублікати і генерація ключів мають бути відтворюваними. Процес міграції — це код, навіть коли деякі його частини буквально не написані мовою програмування.

And don’t destroy the starting point. Keep the original extract in raw tables, exactly as it came out, and never change them. Each step writes its result to a new staged table: standardized, cleaned, deduplicated, load-ready. When something looks wrong, I want to know whether it was wrong in the source, changed by our transformation, changed by the load, or changed by Salesforce automation afterward, and with every table kept I can walk back through them and find out. Overwrite your only copy of the source while cleaning it and you lose the evidence. ⟲

I learned how much this pays off on a support migration. A company was moving its support desk from Zendesk into Salesforce, and Zendesk’s tickets were very similar to Salesforce Cases, but not exact. So I loaded every Zendesk export into a SQL database as raw tables, one per Zendesk structure: organizations, users, tickets, custom fields, comments, attachments. Then I built interim tables that got closer and closer to the Salesforce structure, with the field and picklist mappings kept as tables of their own. Then I loaded Salesforce from those tables and brought the Salesforce IDs back. In the end every row had three things: its original Zendesk key, the transformations that had been applied to it, which were never one way, and its Salesforce key. That’s what let me do partial loads and reloads whenever I needed to. ⟲

Here’s the same design for RouteDesk, one step at a time. ⟲

Three sets of keys Four columns from left to right. RouteDesk: deliveries keyed by the RouteDesk delivery number, delivery items by item number, stops by stop number. The preparation store's raw tables, unchanged: rd_delivery, rd_item and rd_stop, each as extracted with its key. The preparation store's tables shaped for Salesforce: sf_work_order, with the partner key built and the status mapped; sf_work_order_line_item, with the product mapped by SKU; sf_service_appointment, with the window and territory; generated from the raw tables, with the mapping tables for status and product, signed off by the business, in amber. Salesforce: Work Orders, highlighted, with the Salesforce ID, the partner key and the RouteDesk number, upserted; Work Order Line Items and Service Appointments, inserted. Last, navy arrows bring each Salesforce ID back to its row in the shaped tables. Underneath: source keys, the transforms, and the Salesforce keys, all kept; now you can reload, load a part, or trace any record back to where it came from. ROUTEDESK PREPARATION STORE: RAW PREPARATION STORE: SALESFORCE SHAPE SALESFORCE Deliveries key: RouteDesk delivery number Delivery items key: item number Stops key: stop number rd_delivery as extracted, with its key rd_item as extracted, with its key rd_stop as extracted, with its key extract extract extract Source keys, the transforms, and the Salesforce keys, all kept. Now you can reload, load a part, or trace any record back to where it came from. HOW TO READ IT a transformation table: the rule, kept as data the Salesforce ID, written back to its row © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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Extract: one raw table per RouteDesk structure, each row with its RouteDesk key. These tables never change. ⟲

Three sets of keys Four columns from left to right. RouteDesk: deliveries keyed by the RouteDesk delivery number, delivery items by item number, stops by stop number. The preparation store's raw tables, unchanged: rd_delivery, rd_item and rd_stop, each as extracted with its key. The preparation store's tables shaped for Salesforce: sf_work_order, with the partner key built and the status mapped; sf_work_order_line_item, with the product mapped by SKU; sf_service_appointment, with the window and territory; generated from the raw tables, with the mapping tables for status and product, signed off by the business, in amber. Salesforce: Work Orders, highlighted, with the Salesforce ID, the partner key and the RouteDesk number, upserted; Work Order Line Items and Service Appointments, inserted. Last, navy arrows bring each Salesforce ID back to its row in the shaped tables. Underneath: source keys, the transforms, and the Salesforce keys, all kept; now you can reload, load a part, or trace any record back to where it came from. ROUTEDESK PREPARATION STORE: RAW PREPARATION STORE: SALESFORCE SHAPE SALESFORCE Deliveries key: RouteDesk delivery number Delivery items key: item number Stops key: stop number rd_delivery as extracted, with its key rd_item as extracted, with its key rd_stop as extracted, with its key Mapping tables status and product, signed off by the business sf_work_order partner key built, status mapped sf_work_order_line_item product mapped by SKU sf_service_appointment window and territory extract extract extract generate generate generate status product Source keys, the transforms, and the Salesforce keys, all kept. Now you can reload, load a part, or trace any record back to where it came from. HOW TO READ IT a transformation table: the rule, kept as data the Salesforce ID, written back to its row © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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Generate: new tables shaped for Salesforce, built from the raw ones with the mapping tables. The raw tables are still there. ⟲

Three sets of keys Four columns from left to right. RouteDesk: deliveries keyed by the RouteDesk delivery number, delivery items by item number, stops by stop number. The preparation store's raw tables, unchanged: rd_delivery, rd_item and rd_stop, each as extracted with its key. The preparation store's tables shaped for Salesforce: sf_work_order, with the partner key built and the status mapped; sf_work_order_line_item, with the product mapped by SKU; sf_service_appointment, with the window and territory; generated from the raw tables, with the mapping tables for status and product, signed off by the business, in amber. Salesforce: Work Orders, highlighted, with the Salesforce ID, the partner key and the RouteDesk number, upserted; Work Order Line Items and Service Appointments, inserted. Last, navy arrows bring each Salesforce ID back to its row in the shaped tables. Underneath: source keys, the transforms, and the Salesforce keys, all kept; now you can reload, load a part, or trace any record back to where it came from. ROUTEDESK PREPARATION STORE: RAW PREPARATION STORE: SALESFORCE SHAPE SALESFORCE Deliveries key: RouteDesk delivery number Delivery items key: item number Stops key: stop number rd_delivery as extracted, with its key rd_item as extracted, with its key rd_stop as extracted, with its key Mapping tables status and product, signed off by the business sf_work_order partner key built, status mapped sf_work_order_line_item product mapped by SKU sf_service_appointment window and territory Work Orders Salesforce ID, partner key, RouteDesk number Work Order Line Items Salesforce ID Service Appointments Salesforce ID extract extract extract generate generate generate status product upsert insert insert Source keys, the transforms, and the Salesforce keys, all kept. Now you can reload, load a part, or trace any record back to where it came from. HOW TO READ IT a transformation table: the rule, kept as data the Salesforce ID, written back to its row © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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Load: the Work Orders upserted by the partner key, then their children. ⟲

Three sets of keys Four columns from left to right. RouteDesk: deliveries keyed by the RouteDesk delivery number, delivery items by item number, stops by stop number. The preparation store's raw tables, unchanged: rd_delivery, rd_item and rd_stop, each as extracted with its key. The preparation store's tables shaped for Salesforce: sf_work_order, with the partner key built and the status mapped; sf_work_order_line_item, with the product mapped by SKU; sf_service_appointment, with the window and territory; generated from the raw tables, with the mapping tables for status and product, signed off by the business, in amber. Salesforce: Work Orders, highlighted, with the Salesforce ID, the partner key and the RouteDesk number, upserted; Work Order Line Items and Service Appointments, inserted. Last, navy arrows bring each Salesforce ID back to its row in the shaped tables. Underneath: source keys, the transforms, and the Salesforce keys, all kept; now you can reload, load a part, or trace any record back to where it came from. {"author": "Steve Simpson", "blueprint": "1.0.0", "builder": "standard 1.46.0", "built": "2026-10-27", "id": "DGM-DA-MG-15", "rights": "\u00a9 2026 Twinshark LLC. All rights reserved.", "template": "cells 0.3.0", "theme": "stevetecharc 1.4.0"} ROUTEDESK PREPARATION STORE: RAW PREPARATION STORE: SALESFORCE SHAPE SALESFORCE Deliveries key: RouteDesk delivery number Delivery items key: item number Stops key: stop number rd_delivery as extracted, with its key rd_item as extracted, with its key rd_stop as extracted, with its key Mapping tables status and product, signed off by the business sf_work_order partner key built, status mapped sf_work_order_line_item product mapped by SKU sf_service_appointment window and territory Work Orders Salesforce ID, partner key, RouteDesk number Work Order Line Items Salesforce ID Service Appointments Salesforce ID extract extract extract generate generate generate status product upsert insert insert ID back ID back ID back Source keys, the transforms, and the Salesforce keys, all kept. Now you can reload, load a part, or trace any record back to where it came from. HOW TO READ IT a transformation table: the rule, kept as data the Salesforce ID, written back to its row © 2026 Twinshark LLC · stevetecharc.com
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Keys back: each Salesforce ID is written to its row. Now every row knows where it came from, what was done to it and where it landed. ⟲

So no transformation is allowed to lose fidelity. If a step throws information away (truncates a note, drops a code it didn’t recognize, keeps one of two conflicting values without saying which), I can’t trace back through it, and I can’t repeat the run and get the same answer. Keep the raw tables, keep the staged tables, keep what each load sent and what came back. Then you can rerun the whole thing from the raw extract at any time, and you have the history of every load. This is migration’s version of lineage: preserve where the data came from and what you did to it. ⟲

Sometimes the Staging Is Inside Salesforce

Section titled “Sometimes the Staging Is Inside Salesforce”

The preparation store isn’t the only place to stage. In a few special cases, the last stop before the real objects is a plain custom object inside Salesforce: one flat row per source record, no automation, loaded fast. Then a batch process works through the rows and builds the real records. I’ve used it when Salesforce’s own logic had to create the records and was too slow to load through: a scheduling process that took a few seconds per appointment. Module 3 comes back to that case. ⟲

Salesforce uses the same pattern in its own products, and it’s worth learning from. The Nonprofit Success Pack loads a spreadsheet into its NPSP Data Import object first. A dry run checks for matches without creating anything. Then the importer creates the accounts, contacts and donations, and writes each new record’s ID back onto the row it came from (How the Import Process Works (відкривається в новій вкладці), Salesforce Help, checked 2026-10-27). That’s a reference, not a rule: staging inside Salesforce is the special case, not the way to load everything. ⟲

For RouteDesk, a one-time move with heavy cleaning and merging, the preparation store outside Salesforce does the work, and the load sends the result. ⟲

Поганим записам потрібне місце, куди піти

Section titled “Поганим записам потрібне місце, куди піти ”

Із 500 000 записів 497 800 проходять перевірку, а 2 200 — ні. Тихо їх відкинути? Ні. Запхати сміття в обов’язкові поля? Ні. Зупинити проєкт, доки кожен історичний запис не стане ідеальним? Мабуть, ні. Я хочу шлях карантину й виправлення, що фіксує, який запис джерела не пройшов, чому, яке правило його відхилило, чи треба виправити його до перемикання, хто відповідає за рішення і чи можна його відкласти. Тепер винятки — видима архітектурна робота, а не прихована втрата даних.

Before you call a record bad, look at the rule that rejected it. Sometimes the record is fine and the rule is wrong. Salesforce’s Well-Architected framework puts it plainly: “data architecture decisions determine the populations that become visible—and invisible,” and a required email address “excludes populations that don’t have reliable internet access or personal email addresses” (Fairness (відкривається в новій вкладці), checked 2026-10-27). RouteDesk has thousands of deliveries where the Recipient gave only a phone number. If the new Work Order requires an email, those aren’t bad records. They’re real people the rule would make invisible. Fix the rule, not the person. ⟲

Потім доведіть перетворення до завантаження. Зі скількох записів джерела ми почали, скільки свідомо виключили, скільки дублікатів об’єднали, скільки готові, скільки в карантині, скільки зв’язків «батько–нащадок» розв’язуються і які контрольні підсумки? Якщо числа не зводяться до завантаження, швидше завантаження не допоможе. Модуль 4 доводить міграцію кількостями, підсумками, вибірковими перевірками й зведеними звітами, але доказ починається тут.

ШІ може допомогти очищати. Вигадувати істину він не може.

Section titled “ШІ може допомогти очищати. Вигадувати істину він не може. ”

ШІ корисний у міграції: пропонує мапінги, знаходить підозрілі значення, групує потенційні дублікати, помічає аномалії, генерує код перетворень, пояснює закономірності у відхилених записах. Але якщо процес збагачення вирішує, що «ця компанія, ймовірно, в Аризоні», «ймовірно» замало. А якщо він вирішує, що два клієнти досить схожі, щоб їх злити, згадайте розділ 6: хибне зіставлення може завдати більше шкоди, ніж недостатнє. Використовуйте ШІ, щоб пришвидшити розслідування. Не дозволяйте йому тихо виробляти авторитетні дані підприємства.

За межами іспиту: що змінює ШІ. ШІ може різко пришвидшити профілювання, мапінг, виявлення аномалій і зіставлення кандидатів під час міграції. Тримайте детерміновані правила, походження і людський перегляд довкола рішень, що створюють, зливають чи змінюють авторитетні бізнес-дані.

Що тут вирішує архітектор

Section titled “Що тут вирішує архітектор ”
  • Які дані джерела мігрують, архівують чи виключають, відповідно до бізнес-цінності й вимог до зберігання.
  • Where preparation happens (a preparation store outside Salesforce, a staging object inside it, or both), and which parts of the target org are pulled down to merge against. ⟲
  • Як дані стандартизують, очищують, збагачують, позбавляють дублікатів і перевіряють, перш ніж вони потраплять у ціль.
  • Які ідентифікатори джерела й походження зберігаються, щоб кожен важливий цільовий запис можна було простежити й звірити.
  • The load order the target data model dictates, and the keys each child uses to find its parent. ⟲
  • Як рішення про дублікати обробляють поля й дочірні записи в усьому графі зв’язків, зважуючи критичність, простежуваність і ризик хибного злиття.
  • Які правила перетворення й обробки винятків мають бути повторюваними, перш ніж почнеться будь-яке завантаження в production.

Не вимірюйте міграцію завантаженими рядками

Section titled “Не вимірюйте міграцію завантаженими рядками ”

«Ми завантажили 500 000 із 500 000 записів» каже мені, що завантажувач спрацював. Я хочу знати: чи перенесли ми правильні дані, чи покращили те, що треба було покращити, чи зберегли ідентичність і зв’язки, чи безпечно об’єднали дублікати? Чи можемо ми пояснити, що виключили, відтворити перетворення, простежити запис Salesforce до джерела і довести результат? Спершу зробіть цю роботу. А потім подбаємо, як швидко це завантажити.